晚期心力衰竭的姑息护理研究进展

Update on Palliative Nursing Care of Patients with Advanced Heart Failure

摘要: 心力衰竭(Heart Failure, HF)是多种原因导致心脏结构和功能的异常改变，心室收缩和舒张功能发生障碍，从而引起的一组复杂临床综合征。随着疾病的发展，当心力衰竭进入晚期，厌食–恶病质综合征、呼吸困难、疲劳、疼痛和抑郁成为最常见的症状。姑息护理有助于缓解这些症状，还有助于围绕复苏状态和使用或停用医疗设备(如植入式心脏复律除颤器(ICD))的决策进行对话。对于具有顽固症状且对药物治疗无效的晚期心力衰竭患者，护理的重点应该转向控制症状，减少住院和改善与健康相关的生活质量。对此本文通过深入探究晚期心力衰竭疾病的临床特点，分析姑息护理对晚期心力衰竭患者的影响，以期为晚期心力衰竭患者的临床护理提供帮助。

Abstract: Heart Failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by abnormal changes of cardiac structure and function and dysfunction of ventricular systolic and diastolic function. As the disease progresses, anorexia-cachexia syndrome, dyspnea, fatigue, pain, and depression become the most common symptoms when heart failure enters its advanced stages. Palliative care helps to alleviate these symptoms and also facilitates a dialogue around the state of resuscitation and the decision to use or discontinue a medical device, such as an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). For patients with advanced heart failure who have refractory symptoms and are not responding to medication, the focus of care should shift to symptom control, reducing hospitalizations, and improving health-related quality of life. In this paper, we deeply explore the clinical characteristics of late heart failure, and analyze the effect of palliative care on patients with late heart failure, in order to provide help for the clinical care of patients with late heart failure.