集体记忆中的记忆监测研究综述

A Review of Memory Monitoring in Collective Memory

摘要: 记忆监测是元记忆监控的重要方面，是指个体对自身记忆能力的评价与估计。按照记忆监测发生的时间，可以将记忆监测分为预见性监测和回溯性监测。预见性监测包括任务难度判断和学习程度判断，回溯性监测包括知晓感和提取自信心判断。对于个体的记忆监测，国内外研究者从不同的角度做了大量研究，但是对于集体记忆中的记忆监测却少有研究。近年来，有研究者开始致力于集体记忆中学习程度判断的研究，并且发现集体记忆中的学习程度判断的特点不同于个体记忆。因此，探究集体记忆中记忆监测的特点及其规律是非常重要的。未来学者可以进一步深入研究集体记忆中记忆监测的发展特点、影响因素、作用机制及提高记忆监测水平的干预方法等。

Abstract: Memory monitoring is an important aspect of meta-memory monitoring, which refers to the evaluation and estimation of an individual’s own memory ability. According to the time when memory monitoring occurs, memory monitoring can be divided into predictive monitoring and retrospective monitoring. Predictive monitoring includes task difficulty judgment and learning degree judgment, and retrospective monitoring includes awareness and self-confidence judgment. For individual memory monitoring, researchers at home and abroad have done a lot of research from different angles, but there are few studies on memory monitoring in collective memory. In recent years, some researchers have begun to focus on the study of learning degree judgment in collective memory, and found that the characteristics of learning degree judgment in collective memory are different from individual memory. Therefore, it is very important to explore the characteristics and patterns of memory monitoring in collective memory. Future scholars can further study the development characteristics, influencing factors, mechanism of action and intervention methods to improve the level of memory monitoring in collective memory.