交际–功能视角下严译《天演论》中的文化交际现象

A Study of the Cultural Transposition in Tian Yan Lun Based on the Communicative-Functional Approach

摘要: 严译《天演论》通过文化置换的方式将进化论思想引入中国，其译文关注目的语的社会环境，将语言视作社会行为，他的翻译过程以交际为目的，通过交际实现译文的功能。显而易见，这种交际翻译与功能主义方法有很大联系。根据赫维和希金斯的观点，交际翻译(Communicative translation)是文化置换的一种形式。因此，本文基于赫维和希金斯的交际观点，从交际–功能视角分析《天演论》中的文化交际。文章得出，严复通过文化翻译中的交际实现文本功能，使用交际–功能方法研究实现了文化社会语境与文本功能结合。

Abstract: Tian Yan Lun introduced evolutionism into modern China by means of cultural transposition. Its translation pays attention to the social environment of the target language and regards language as social behavior. His translation process aims at communication and realizes the function of the translation through communication. Obviously, this communicative translation is closely related to the functionalist approach. According to Hervey and Higgins, communicative translation is a form of cultural transposition. Therefore, based on this approach, this paper analyzes communicative translation in Tian Yan Lun from a communicative-functional perspective. This paper concludes that Yan Fu realizes the text function through communication in cultural translation, and realizes the combination of cultural and social context and text function by using communicative-function method.