青岛市5047名体检人群幽门螺旋杆菌感染状况调查及危险因素分析

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection among 5047 People Undergoing Physical Examination in Qingdao

摘要: 目的：调查青岛市体检人群的幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, Hp)的感染情况，并找出Hp感染的相关危险因素。方法：选取2015年~2020年每年8月于青岛大学附属医院的5047例体检人群13C-尿素呼气试验与Hp抗体检测的结果，调查其是否吸烟、饮酒、或合并肥胖、高血压等疾病，并以Logistic回归分析Hp感染的危险因素。结果：5047名体检人群Hp总阳性率35.4%，男女性阳性率分别为37.1% (948例)、33.8% (841例)，男女间比较差异有统计学意义。41~50岁的受检者感染率最高(36.7%)，长期吸烟、饮酒、合并高脂血症、高尿酸血症、超重或肥胖的人群Hp阳性率明显高于无以上情况者，且差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析提示高脂血症、饮酒是影响Hp感染的独立危险因素(OR = 1.215、1.387，P < 0.01)。结论：青岛地区体检人群的Hp感染率较低，存在吸烟、饮酒、高脂血症、高尿酸血症、超重或肥胖的人群Hp感染率较高，饮酒、高脂血症是青岛地区体检人群Hp感染的独立危险因素。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the status of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in the physical examination (PE) population in Qingdao city, and to analyze the associated risk factors of H. pylori infection. Methods: The data of 5047 cases from every August between 2015 and 2020 in our hospital physi-cal examination center was retrospectively reviewed. 13C-urea breath test or Serological analyzed blood samples by dot immunochromatographic assay was performed to confirm Hp infection. In-formation related to subject’s behavior including smoking and alcoholism, and presence of meta-bolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, overweight, and obe-sity was also collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk factors of Hp infec-tion. Results: In 5047 cases of physical examination, the positive rate of Hp was 35.4%. The positive rate of male was 37.1%, the female was 33.8%, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The infection rate of 41~50 years old subjects was 36.7%, which was higher than that in other age groups. H. pylori in the population who had habits such as alcohol and tobacco usage or people who had metabolic diseases including overweight, obesity, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia were significantly higher than those without such conditions (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indi-cates that alcoholism and hyperlipidemia were risk factors for Hp infection (OR = 1.215, 1.387, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The Hp infection rate of the PE population in Qingdao city was relatively lower than other regions. Hp was closely correlated with age, alcoholism, smoking, and metabolic diseases (overweight, obesity, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia). Alcoholism and hyperlipidemia were in-dependent risk factors for Hp infection of the PE population in Qingdao city.