系列多孔焊接件专用夹具设计与优化

Design and Optimization of Special Fixture for Series Porous Weldments

摘要: 为解决系列多孔焊接件在钻削加工中采用通用夹具定位装夹困难、人工二次定位装夹效率低下且加工质量难以保证的问题，采用模块化组合式设计方法设计了组合连杆对向式夹紧装置和虎口压力钳自适应夹紧装置，实现对系列多孔焊接件的自适应定位装夹。为进一步提高设计夹具可靠性，对设计方案进行仿真优化，通过对筋板长臂端最大应力和最大位移产生的主要原因进行分析，设计了一种自锁式辅撑装置，并以此分别建立夹紧力为7500 N、7000 N、6500 N、6000 N、5500 N的对照实验。结果表明：自锁式辅撑装置可有效减小最大位移，减幅可达10.8%，以及可在不影响夹具夹持刚性的前提下减小夹紧筋板长臂端所需的夹紧力；夹紧力与最大应力成正比，与最大位移成反比；实际所需夹紧力的合理取值范围为6500 N~7000 N。

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of difficult positioning and clamping with universal fixtures, low effi-ciency of manual secondary positioning and clamping, and difficult to ensure the processing quality of series of multi hole weldments in drilling, modular combined design method is adopted to design the combined connecting rod opposite clamping device and the jaw pressure clamp adaptive clamping device, which realizes adaptive positioning and clamping of series of multi hole weld-ments. In order to further improve the reliability of the design fixture, the design scheme was sim-ulated and optimized. Through the analysis of the main causes of the maximum stress and maxi-mum displacement at the long arm end of the rib plate, a self-locking auxiliary support device was designed, and the control experiments with clamping forces of 7500 N, 7000 N, 6500 N, 6000 N and 5500 N were established respectively. The results show that the self-locking auxiliary support de-vice can effectively reduce the maximum displacement by 10.8%, and reduce the clamping force required for the long arm end of the clamping rib plate without affecting the clamping rigidity of the clamp; The clamping force is proportional to the maximum stress and inversely proportional to the maximum displacement; The reasonable value range of the actual required clamping force is 6500 N~7000 N.