深圳快递自提点的空间分布格局及其影响因素——基于菜鸟驿站POI数据分析

Spatial Distribution Patterns and Influencing Factors of Express Pick-Up Points in Shenzhen—Analysis Based on Cainiao Stations POI Data

摘要: 作为快递终端配送服务的自提点的空间分布格局优化对快递业可持续发展有重要意义。以深圳市菜鸟驿站POI数据为基础，运用标准差椭圆、空间自相关、核密度分析方法，对其空间分布和聚集特征进行综合分析，并运用地理探测器进一步揭示其主要影响因子。结果表明：1) 深圳菜鸟驿站快递自提点种类较多，以服务社区为主，乡村和企业等为辅；2) 在空间上分布不均衡，呈现中部和西部较多、东部较少的“多核聚集”和“东西方向”分布特征；3) 其空间格局受人口数量、人口密度、GDP和地形高程等因素的显著影响。本研究对快递业“最后一公里”便民服务点的空间布局优化有一定的参考价值。

Abstract: The optimization of the spatial distribution pattern of pick-up points as the express terminal de-livery service is of great significance to the sustainable development of the express industry. Based on the POI data of Cainiao Stations in Shenzhen, their spatial distribution and aggregation characteristics were comprehensively analyzed by using standard deviation ellipse, spatial auto-correlation and kernel density analysis methods, and the key influencing factors were further re-vealed by using Geodetector. The results show that: 1) Cainiao Stations in Shenzhen have many kinds of cooperating delivery units dominated by convenience stores, mainly serving communities, supplemented by villages and enterprises; 2) the spatial distribution is unbalanced, showing the characteristics of “multi-core aggregation distribution” and “west-east direction” with more Cainiao stations in the middle and west and less in the east; 3) its spatial pattern is significantly affected by such factors as population size, population density, GDP and topographic elevation. This study could provide a certain reference for optimization of the spatial layout of last kilometer delivery service points in urban express industry.