大学生拖延与执行功能的现状调查及关系研究

Investigation and Relationship Research of Procrastination and Executive Function among College Students

摘要: 大学生是祖国的未来，民族的希望，拖延不仅影响了大学生的发展进步，也给其带来了很多焦虑懊悔之情，严重影响了大学生的心理健康。执行功能及其发展的研究是近些年来心理学领域研究的热点，根据前人的研究，执行功能可能是拖延的重要影响因素，因此研究执行功能与拖延的关系具有重要的理论意义与实践意义。本研究采用谭树华修订的执行功能量表和关雪菁修订的拖延量表，以339名大学生为被试，采用SPSS 26.0统计软件对问卷收回数据进行描述统计分析，调查大学生拖延与执行功能的现状，分析其在各人口学变量上的差异，探究当前大学生拖延与执行功能之间的关系，以期为改善大学生的拖延状况和提高执行功能提供依据。研究结果如下：1) 大学生的拖延行为较为普遍。2) 大学生拖延在性别、居住地、独生与非独生、不同年级、父母学历水平中存在不同方面、不同程度的差异。3) 大学生执行功能在性别、居住地、独生与非独生、不同年级、父母的学历水平中存在不同方面、不同程度的差异。4)大学生执行功能与拖延之间存在负相关关系。5) 大学生执行功能显著负向预测拖延行为，即执行功能越强则拖延水平越低，执行功能越弱则拖延水平越高。

Abstract: College students are the future of the motherland and the hope of the nation. Procrastination not only affects the development and progress of college students, but also brings them a lot of anxiety and regret, which seriously affects the psychological health of college students. The study of executive function and its development has been a hot topic in the field of psychology in recent years. According to previous studies, executive function may be an important factor affecting procrastination. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the relationship between executive function and procrastination. This study uses the Executive Function Scale revised by Tan Shuhua and the Procrastination Scale revised by Guan Xuejing, taking 339 college students as subjects, and uses SPSS 26.0 statistical software to describe and analyze the data collected from the questionnaire, investigate the current situation of college students’ procrastination and executive function, analyze their differences in various demographic variables, and explore the relationship between current college students’ procrastination and executive function. It is expected to provide basis for improving college students’ procrastination and executive function. The results are as follows: 1) Procrastination behavior of college students is common. 2) There are differences in different aspects and degrees of college students’ procrastination in gender, residence, only child and non-only child, different grades, and parents’ educational level. 3) The executive function of college students varies in different aspects and degrees in gender, residence, only child and non-only child, different grades and parents’ educational level. 4) There is a negative correlation between college students’ executive function and procrastination. 5) The executive function of college students significantly negatively predicted procrastination, that is, the stronger the executive function, the lower the level of procrastination, and the weaker the executive function, the higher the level of procrastination.