5815名门诊智力低下患者流行病学分析

Analysis of 5815 Mental Retardation Outpatient Patients

摘要: 目的：通过门诊智力低下患者就诊情况分析，为三胎生育政策技术保障提供科学依据。方法：回顾性分析我院2017.1.1~2022.04.16门诊诊断包含智力低下的5815名患者情况。结果：门诊诊断为单纯智力低下占53.53% (3113人)，智力低下伴语言障碍者2.70% (157人)，脑瘫伴智力低下2.41% (140人)。12个科室接诊智力低下患者，前三位分别是：儿童保健心理门诊51.92% (3019人)；康复医学门诊25.26% (1469人)；儿童发育行为门诊13.38% (778人)。成人智力低下诊断患者来源于产科门诊、产前诊断中心、生殖中心等。174位医师接诊过智力低下门诊患者，接诊>50人者20位，总接诊量4661人(80.15%)。患者的出生年份超过500人/年是2013~2017年。2015年出生的初次就诊智力低下者最多995人。就诊者年龄分布：2~3岁25.64% (1491人)；3~4岁14.65 (852人)，其他年龄组均<10%。结论：我院智力低下就诊者的出生年份高峰期与中国生育政策实施导致的高龄产妇增多时间段一致。

Abstract: Objective: To provide a scientific basis for the technical support of the three-child birth policy through the analysis of outpatient mental retardation patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 5815 patients with mental retardation included in the outpatient diagnosis from 2017.1.1 to 2022.04.16 in our hospital. Results: The outpatient diagnosis was pure mental retardation ac-counted for 53.53% (3113), mental retardation with language impairment in 2.70% (157), cerebral palsy with mental retardation in 2.41% (140). 12 departments received mentally retarded patients, and the top three were: Child Health Psychology Clinic 51.92% (3019); Rehabilitation Medicine Clinic 25.26% (1469); Child Development Behavior Clinic 13.38% (778). Adult mental retardation patients were diagnosed from obstetric clinics, prenatal diagnosis centers, reproductive centers, etc. 174 physicians had received outpatients with mental retardation, 20 of whom received more than 50 patients, and the total number of patients was 4661 (80.15%). The patient’s birth year with more than 500 persons/year was 2013~2017. The maximum number of mentally retarded people born in 2015 was 995. The age distribution of the patients: 25.64% (1491) aged 2~3 years; 14.65 (852) aged 3~4 years; all other age groups were <10%. Conclusion: The peak period of birth year of mentally retarded patients in our hospital is consistent with the period of increase in the number of elderly puerperae due to the implementation of China’s fertility policy.