脓毒血症的研究进展

Research Progress of Sepsis

摘要: 脓毒血症(Sepsis)是宿主对感染的反应失调引起的危及生命的器官功能障碍，代表了从菌血症到感染性休克的一系列疾病严重程度。是机体感染后引起的一种全身性免疫反应，进展到后期可发展为脓毒血症休克、多器官衰竭甚至是死亡。脓毒血症发病率和死亡率较高，增加了基层医疗负担。脓毒血症的病因种类多，且个体化差异，如患者的性别、年龄、感染部位、感染来源及所患的基础疾病等，所导致的症状及预后也有所不同，因脓毒血症的病程发展迅速，目前尚无特殊治疗方法；其治疗策略主要为抗生素控制感染，支持对症治疗。本文主要围绕脓毒血症的诊断、发生机制以及治疗的研究进展进行综述，通过对国内外文献中脓毒血症的研究现状及进展的归纳，进行进一步的思考，以期为后续脓毒血症相关研究提供思路。

Abstract: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, representing a spectrum of disease severity from bacteremia to septic shock. It is a systemic im-mune response caused by infection, which can progress to septic shock, multiple organ failure and even death in the later stage. Sepsis has high morbidity and mortality, which increases the burden of primary medical care. There are many kinds of causes of sepsis, and individual differences, such as gender, age, site of infection, source of infection, and underlying diseases of patients, resulting in different symptoms and prognosis. Because the course of sepsis develops rapidly, there is no special treatment at present. The treatment strategy is mainly to control infection with antibiotics and support symptomatic treatment. This article mainly focuses on the diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of sepsis, and summarizes the research status and progress of sepsis in the domestic and foreign literature, in order to provide ideas for the follow-up research on sepsis.