膝骨性关节炎的非手术治疗进展

Research Progress in Non-Surgical Therapy of Knee Osteoarthritis

摘要: 膝骨性关节炎是以软骨退行性改变和软骨下骨骨重塑为特征的常见骨关节疾病。随着老龄人口的不断增加，膝骨性关节炎的患病人数也不断攀升。并且疾病早期的疼痛、晨僵等症状随着疾病进展逐渐发展为活动障碍，乃至残疾。对于晚期症状严重的膝骨性关节炎患者，人工全膝关节置换术是首选的治疗方案，但对于中早期或无法手术的患者，非手术治疗方案值得考虑，但是非手术治疗方案的不良反应及有效性问题仍需解决，因此非手术治疗方案的应用频次、强度、浓度、有效性及安全性评估等问题尤为重要。本文对膝骨性关节炎的患者自我管理和健康教育、药物疗法、关节内注射等非手术治疗方案进行综述，以期为患者及医疗工作者提供新的选择。

Abstract: Knee osteoarthritis is a common osteoarthropathy characterized by degenerative changes of carti-lage and remodeling of subchondral bone. With the increasing number of elderly people, the num-ber of knee osteoarthritis is also rising. In addition, the symptoms of pain and morning stiffness in the early stage of the disease gradually develop into activity disorders and even disabilities as the disease progresses. Total knee arthroplasty is the preferred treatment for patients with advanced and severe symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. However, non-surgical therapy is worth considering for patients in the early stages or inoperable, but the adverse reactions and effectiveness of non-surgical therapy still need to be resolved. Therefore, it is particularly important to evaluate the application frequency, intensity, concentration, effectiveness and safety of non-surgical therapy. In this paper, self-management, health education, drug therapy, intra-articular injection and other non-surgical therapy options for patients with knee osteoarthritis are reviewed, in order to provide new options for patients and medical workers.