河北省潜在蒸散发的气候敏感性

Climate Sensitivity of Potential Evapotranspiration in Hebei Province

摘要: 为揭示河北省潜在蒸散发(ET₀)对气象因子的敏感程度，本文基于河北省12个气象站1970~2012年的气象资料，运用Penman-Monteith公式和Beven敏感系数公式，开展了ET₀对气象要素的敏感性分析。结果表明：河北省多年平均年ET0值为1007.7 mm，ET₀对各气象要素的敏感水平大小分别为：湿度 > 风速 > 日照 > 气温。其中ET₀对湿度的敏感系数小于0，而对风速、日照和气温的敏感系数均大于0。从季节上来看，春、秋、冬三季，ET₀对风速和湿度比较敏感；夏季，ET₀对日照和湿度比较敏感。在空间分布上，河北省东北部地区和西北部地区的ET₀分别对气温和风速的敏感性较强；而东南部地区和西南部地区的ET0分别对湿度和日照的敏感性较强。

Abstract: To reveal the sensitivity of potential evapotranspiration (ET₀) to meteorological factors in Hebei Province, Penman-Monteith formula and Beven sensitivity coefficient formulae were used to study the sensitivity analysis of ET₀ to various meteorological elements based on the meteorological data of 12 stations from 1970 to 2012. Results indicated that the average annual ET0 value of Hebei province was 1007.7 mm in the past 43 years, and the sensitivity level of ET₀ to various meteorological elements was humidity > wind speed > sunshine > temperature. The sensitivity coefficient of ET₀ to humidity was less than 0, while the sensitivity coefficients of ET₀ to wind speed, sunshine and temperature were all greater than 0. On a seasonal scale, ET₀ was highly sensitive to wind speed and humidity in spring, autumn and winter. In summer, ET₀ was highly sensitive to sunshine and humidity. In terms of spatial distribution, the northeastern region and the northwestern region of Hebei province were highly sensitive to the temperature and wind speed respectively. The southeast and the southwest were sensitive to humidity and sunshine separately.