中日古代灾害文学书写的比较研究——以朱熹、鸭长明的作品为例

A Comparative Study of Chinese andJapanese Ancient Disaster Literature—Taking the Works of Zhu Xi and Kamo Chōmei as Examples

摘要: 中日两国自古以来就是一个自然灾害频发的国家，灾害的影响波及社会的方方面面，文学中表现自然灾害的作品更是不计其数。本研究以朱熹的灾害诗书写及鸭长明的灾害文学书写为例，旨在探讨从属于东亚区域的古代中国与日本这两个国家对灾害的态度及应对，分析面对灾害时中日两国人们在思想上的异同，并进一步剖析背后的原因。通过本研究，了解到朱熹和鸭长明在灾害书写中有着体恤民众，批判官吏的共同的思想态度。而在抗灾赈灾上，两者又有着两种不同的态度。本论有利于为现代灾害研究提供借鉴，并丰富灾害文学书写方面的研究。

Abstract: China and Japan have been countries with frequent natural disasters since ancient times. The im-pact of disasters has affected all aspects of society, and there are countless works showing natural disasters in literature. Taking Zhu Xi’s disaster poetry writing and Kamo Chōmei’s disaster literature writing as examples, this study aims to explore the attitudes and responses to disasters of ancient China and Japan, which belong to the East Asian region. Besides, this paper will analyze the similarities and differences in thinking between Chinese and Japanese when facing disasters, and further explore the reasons behind them. Through this study, we know that in Zhu Xi and Kamo Chōmei disaster writing, there is the same attitude of caring for the people and criticizing officials. However, in terms of disaster relief, there are two different attitudes between them. This theory is helpful to provide reference for modern disaster research and enrich the research on disaster literature writing.