急性胰腺炎液体复苏治疗现状

Current Status of Fluid Resuscitation Therapy for Acute Pancreatitis

摘要: 急性胰腺炎已经成为胃肠道疾病入院最常见的疾病之一，因其发病快，并可以导致严重的并发症和死亡率且住院时间长和花费高。急性胰腺炎是一种复杂的疾病，其病程多变，往往难以在其发展的早期预测。大约80%的患者发展为轻度严重的严重疾病(48小时内无器官衰竭)。胰腺炎是胰腺内炎症过程的结果，通常会伴随腹痛、恶心和呕吐等非特异性症状。大多数患者不会发生严重的并发症，但有一小部分病例导致显著的发病率和死亡率。而对于紧急就诊的急性胰腺炎的病人，评估通常包括实验室和超声评估，而对于早期急性胰腺炎的病人，针对病人的个体化治疗进行液体复苏是必要的。然而，五分之一的患者发展为严重疾病，死亡率约为20%。急性胰腺炎是一种常见的和异质性的疾病，具有显著的发病率。急性胰腺炎管理的最佳实践集中在分诊、水合作用和肠内喂养。

Abstract: Acute pancreatitis has become one of the most common hospital admissions for gastrointestinal disorders because of its rapid onset, which can lead to serious complications and mortality with long and costly hospital stays. Acute pancreatitis is a complex disease with a variable course that is often difficult to predict early in its development. Approximately 80% of patients develop severe disease of mild severity (no organ failure within 48 hours). Pancreatitis is the result of an inflammatory process within the pancreas and is usually accompanied by non-specific symptoms such as ab-dominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Most patients do not develop serious complications, but a small percentage of cases result in significant morbidity and mortality. Whereas in patients presenting urgently with acute pancreatitis, the evaluation usually includes laboratory and ultrasound as-sessment; in patients with early acute pancreatitis, fluid resuscitation is necessary to individualize the patient’s treatment. However, one in five patients develop severe disease with a mortality rate of approximately 20%. Acute pancreatitis is a common and heterogeneous disease with significant morbidity. Best practices in the management of acute pancreatitis focus on triage, hydration, and enteral feeding.