三角用工型网络平台网约配送员权益保障问题研究

Research on Protection of Rights and Interests of Network contract Deliverers in Triangle Labor Network Platform

摘要: 随着网络平台用工模式的不断演变，平台用工链条引入了越来越多的主体，形成了“平台 + 个人 + 承包商”的新型用工模式。而更多主体的加入带来的结果是平台脱责空间的加大，用工市场的混乱。网约配送员这一行业发展态势迅猛，行业的特殊性使得这一群体的权益在新型平台用工模式下难以得到保障。新型用工模式加剧了平台资本的无序扩张与配送员权益保护的失衡。通过劳动关系认定的司法实践反思，结合外卖配送员的行业特点，对三角型用工模式下劳动关系从属性理论的解释与适用提供思路，尝试捋清多方法律关系。同时，通过梳理三角平台用工的模式类型以及特点，分析网约配送员权益保障面临的现实困境并提出对策。

Abstract: With the continuous evolution of the network platform labor mode, the platform labor chain has introduced more and more subjects, forming a "platform + individual + contractor" new labor mode. The result of the addition of more entities is the increase of the platform accountability space and the chaos of the labor market. The industry of online delivery personnel is developing rapidly. The particularity of the industry makes it difficult to guarantee the rights and interests of this group under the new platform employment mode. The new employment mode intensifies the unordered expansion of platform capital and the imbalance of rights and interests protection of deliverers. Through reflection on the judicial practice of labor relations identification, combined with the industry characteristics of takeout delivery workers, this paper provides ideas for the explanation and application of the labor relations subordination theory under the triangular employment mode, and tries to clarify the multi-party legal relations. At the same time, by sorting out the types and characteristics of the triangle platform labor mode, analyze the practical difficulties faced by the rights and interests protection of network contract delivery personnel and put forward countermeasures.