骨支架仿生材料不同拓扑结构力学性能的有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Different Topologies of Bone Scaffold Biomimetic Materials

摘要: 目的：通过建立骨支架材料再生丝素蛋白、海藻酸钠和生物陶瓷(氧化铝陶瓷)不同拓扑结构的三维有限元模型，探究骨支架仿生材料在压缩、拉伸、扭转时的力学性能的特性。方法：基于材料实验获得仿生材料相关参数，分析三种骨支架材料：骨纤维丝直径为0.50 mm，线条间夹角为30 (M-30˚)、45 (M-45˚)和60 (M-60˚)度，线密度从0.30 (M-3)、0.50 (M-5)到0.70 (M-7)变化时，骨支架在拉伸、压缩和扭转时的力学性能。结果：骨支架材料再生丝素蛋白、海藻酸钠和氧化铝陶瓷在M-5结构下压缩位移有明显差别，在M-3、M-5、M-7、M-30˚、M-45˚和M-60˚模型中压缩、拉伸和扭转性能均随丝线密度增大而减小，随线条间角度增大而增大，并且M-3模型承受压缩、拉伸和扭转的应力均为最大。结论：骨支架材料再生丝素蛋白压缩形变比海藻酸钠和氧化铝陶瓷材料都大，材料拓扑结构不同对压缩、拉伸和扭转力学性能存在明显的影响，为骨支架仿生材料力学性能的应用研究提供理论依据。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the mechanical properties of bone scaffold biomimetic materials during com-pression, stretching and torsion by establishing three-dimensional finite element models of differ-ent topologies of bone scaffold materials regenerating silk fibroin, sodium alginate and bioceramics (alumina ceramics). Methods: Based on the material experiments, the relevant parameters of bio-mimetic materials were obtained, and three bone scaffold materials were analyzed: bone fiber fila-ment diameter was 0.50 mm, the angle between lines was 30 (M-30˚), 45 (M-45˚) and 60 (M-60˚), and the mechanical properties of bone scaffold during tension, compression and torsion were ana-lyzed when the linear density changed from 0.30 (M-3), 0.50 (M-5) to 0.70 (M-7). Results: The com-pression displacement of bone scaffold material regenerated silk fibroin, sodium alginate and alu-mina ceramics was significantly different under the M-5 structure, and the compression, tensile and torsional properties of the M-3, M-5, M-7, M-30˚, M-45˚ and M-60˚ models decreased with the in-crease of filament density and increased with the increase of the angle between lines, and the com-pression, tensile and torsional stresses of the M-3 model were the largest. Conclusion: The compres-sion set of bone scaffold material regenerated silk fibroin is larger than that of sodium alginate and alumina ceramic materials, and the different material topology has obvious effects on the mechani-cal properties of compression, tensile and torsion, which provides a theoretical basis for the appli-cation of mechanical properties of bone scaffold biomimetic materials.