论著作权法中的归复权制度

On the Right of Return System in Copyright Law

摘要: 在著作权交易市场上，创作者通常将作品的商业利用通过著作权合同交由相对方安排，从而获得经济利益。然而，由于创作者与传播者在经济地位和交易经验上的差异，加之传播者拥有控制传播渠道和传播技术的先天优势，造成部分创作者的合同报酬与作品后期的市场价值之间相差悬殊，进而导致我国著作权合同领域的利益失衡问题日益凸显。针对此等现象，若不能及时找到切实可行的出路，那么将不利于原创作品的产生，更有违著作权法的本旨。为了应对著作权领域的交易不公平问题，很多国家的著作权法都不同程度地采用了归复权制度，即在满足特定要件时允许创作者收回被转让或许可的著作权。正确认识归复权制度的成因、理念及具体规则，结合本土制度框架及产业运作模式进行选择与优化，最终落脚于该制度在我国的具体构建及实际应用，可为著作权法的修订及配套法律文件的制定与修改提供重要的现实建议。

Abstract: In the copyright trading market, the crea-tors usually arrange the commercial utilization of the works by the copyright contract to the other side, so as to obtain economic benefits. However, due to the differences in economic status and transaction experience between creators and communicators, combined with the inherent ad-vantages of the communicators in controlling communication channels and technologies, the con-tract remuneration of some creators and the market value of the late works are greatly different from each other, which leads to the increasingly prominent imbalance of interest in the field of cop-yright contract in our country. In view of such phenomenon, if we cannot find a practical way out in time, it will not be conducive to the production of original works, but also violate the essence of copyright law. In order to deal with the unfair trade in the field of copyright, copyright laws of many countries have adopted the right of reversion system to varying degrees, that is, to allow the creator to recover the transferred or licensed copyright when certain requirements are met. Correctly un-derstanding the origin, concept and concrete rules of the system of the right of reversion, combining with the local institutional framework and industrial operation mode for selection and optimization, finally footing in the concrete construction and practical application of the system in our country, can provide important practical suggestions for the revision of the copyright law and the formula-tion and modification of supporting legal documents.