不同Niño指数对El Niño事件响应的差异性分析

Analysis of the Difference in Response of Different Niño Indexes to El Niño Events

摘要: ENSO事件是发生在热带太平洋地区、具有最强年际变化的全球尺度振荡信号。一方面直接使得赤道太平洋地区的天气出现异常，另一方面还会以遥相关的形式影响热带太平洋以外的地区，甚至影响了全球的天气变化，选取能够表明其特征的指标十分重要。不同类型El Niño事件对于各类Niño指数的响应也是不同的，东部型El Niño事件在Niño1 + 2指数、Niño3指数、Niño3.4指数的响应较为明显，在Niño4指数的响应较弱；而中部型El Niño事件相比较来说在Niño4指数和Niño3.4指数的响应较为明显，其中Niño3.4指数对于两类El Niño事件的响应表现较为突出。

Abstract: ENSO event is a global scale oscillation signal with the strongest inter-annual variation that occurs in the tropical Pacific region. On the one hand, it directly makes the weather in the equatorial Pacific region abnormal, on the other hand, it will affect the areas outside the tropical Pacific in the form of teleconnection, and even affect the global weather change. It is very important to select indicators that can show its charac-teristics. The response of different types of El Niño events to various Niño indexes is also different. The response of the eastern type of El Niño events to the Niño1 + 2 index, Niño3 index, and Niño3.4 index is relatively obvious, while the response to the Niño4 index is relatively weak; compared with the central type El Niño events, the response of Niño4 index and Niño3.4 index is more obvious, and the response of Niño3.4 index to the two types of El Niño events is more prominent.