困境与弥合对策：智能时代农村老年群体的数字贫困治理——基于山东省临沂市某村深度访谈研究

Predicament and Bridging Countermeasures: Digital Poverty Governance for Rural Elderly Groups in the Intelligent Age—Based on the In-Depth Interview of a Village in Linyi City, Shandong Province

摘要: 当今老龄化社会深度发展，不断更新的互联网技术使老年群体处于“数字难民”的困境之中，其生存状况值得重视。本文主要采用深度访谈方式，对山东省临沂市某村五个社区21位老年人的新媒体使用、知识获取情况进行研究。笔者以智能手机为切入点，反映并讨论了当今老年群体的媒介素养和生存状况。研究发现：影响农村老年人智能手机使用因素在于老年人的知识结构、身体因素以及人口学因素；使用范围受困于老年人的自我保护意识、技术的普及率；在技术的便利程度上，社会对老年人接触新媒体的方式相对较少；在社会环境方面，数字反哺意识在儿女之间有待提高。与此同时，本文分别从打造新媒体个性化服务、发挥老年群体主体作用、建立社会支持网络三个方面提出弥合银色数字鸿沟的具体建议。

Abstract: In today’s aging society, with the in-depth development and continuous updating of Internet technology, the elderly as “digital refugees” are in a difficult predicament, and their living conditions deserve attention. This paper mainly uses in-depth interviews to study the new media usage and knowledge acquisition of 21 elderly people in five communities in a village in Linyi City, Shandong Province. Taking the smartphone as the starting point, the author conducts some reflections and discussions on the media literacy and living conditions of the elderly. The study found that the factors affecting the use of smart phones by the elderly in rural areas lie in the knowledge structure, physical factors and demographic factors of the elderly; the scope of use is limited by the self-protection awareness of the elderly and the penetration rate of technology; in terms of the convenience of technology, the social There are relatively few ways for the elderly to come into contact with new media; in terms of social environment, the awareness of digital feedback needs to be improved among children. At the same time, this paper puts forward specific suggestions for bridging the silver digital gap from three aspects: creating personalized services for new media, giving play to the main role of the elderly group, and establishing a social support network.