宿州市某畜牧场周边浅层地下水水化学特征及水质评价

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Water Quality Evaluation of Shallow Groundwater around a Livestock Farm in Suzhou City

摘要: 为进一步了解宿州市某畜牧场周边浅层地下水水化学特征以及水质状况，以宿州市某畜牧场周边农村为研究区域，以采集的24组浅层地下水样品为研究对象，通过Piper图，Gibbs图以及多元统计分析法对研究区域浅层地下水水化学特征进行分析。通过结合《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)，以及利用USSL和Wilcox图解法，对研究区浅层地下水进行水质评价。研究结果表明：研究区域浅层地下水水化学类型以HCO₃^--Mg²⁺•Ca²⁺型为主，PH范围为7.16~7.58，水样全部呈弱碱性，TDS的范围为307~690 mg/L，平均值为406.3 mg/L，属于偏硬水。阳离子浓度大小(Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺ > K⁺)；Na⁺其中离子为优势阳离子，阴离子浓度大小(HCO₃^- > Cl⁻ >SO₄^2- )；HCO₃^- 为绝对优势阴离子。离子主要来源于盐岩、硫酸盐、碳酸盐溶解，以及硅酸盐风化溶解，研究区域浅层地下水基本适于饮用，可以进行合理农业灌溉，过度灌溉可能导致土地盐碱化。

Abstract: In order to further understand the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality status of the shallow groundwater around a livestock farm in Suzhou city, We investigated the countryside around a livestock farm in Suzhou and studied the 24 groups of shallow groundwater which we collected. Then we analyze the hydrochemical characteristics of the shallow groundwater by Piper plots, Gibbs plots, and multivariate statistical analysis. The water quality of the shallow groundwater in the study area was evaluated by combining the Drinking Water Sanitation Standard (GB 5749-2006) and using the USSL and Wilcox diagram methods. The results show that the hydrochemical types of shallow groundwater in the study area are mainly HCO₃^--Mg²⁺•Ca²⁺, the PH range is 7.16~7.58, all the water samples are weakly alkaline, the range of TDS is 307~690 mg/L, and the average value is 406.3 mg/L, which belongs to the hard water. Cation concentration (Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺ > K⁺); Na⁺ ion is the dominant cation, anion concentra-tion ( HCO₃^- > Cl⁻ >SO₄^2- ) HCO₃^- is the absolute dominant anion. Ions mainly come from the dissolution of salt rock, sulfate and carbonate, and the weathering and dissolution of silicate. The shallow groundwater in the study area is basically suitable for drinking water, and reason-able agricultural irrigation can be carried out. Excessive irrigation may lead to land salinization.