网络打赏退款“欺诈”的刑法规制

Criminal Law Regulation on “Fraud” of Refund of “Online Reward”

摘要: 最近，使用未成年人身份信息“打赏退款”所引发的案件成为了网络热门话题，网络主播是一个比较特殊的群体，除开较高的曝光度，数量庞大的个案才是该话题被多方讨论并一再发酵的原因所在。可以说，是退款人的投机取巧与平台的“摆烂式”管理共同造成了如今平台管理混乱不堪、主播苦不堪言的局面。打赏退款在民法上构成欺诈，在某些情况下也可能构成诈骗罪等犯罪，二者的核心区分点在于主播与打赏者之间的法律关系是纯赠与关系还是一般合同关系，在后者中行为人的退款行为可能符合诈骗罪的构成要件。在构成要件符合的情况下，刑法应当在适合的情况下给予一定的介入。

Abstract: Using the “youth model” to broadcast rewards and refunds may constitute a criminal offence: from the perspective of the constituent requirements, the act has the purpose of illegal possession, fraud, disposition of property based on wrong understanding and victims. From the perspective of criminal policy, many individual disputes need a higher standard of handling methods to regulate the chaotic refund situation. Anyway, the intervention of criminal law is necessary in this series of cases.