海口地区在校大学生水土不服的量表设计

Scale Design of Acclimatized for University Students in Haikou

摘要: 目的：设计海口地区在校大学生水土不服的量表，并检验其信度和效度。方法：采集海口在校大学生的年龄、性别、籍贯等一般资料以及症状体征和体质资料，构建水土不服信息数据库，并应用调查问卷法、Delphi法、信度检验、效度检验等确立《海口地区在校大学生水土不服量表》。结果：经专家咨询和探索性因子分析，形成了含2个维度共9个条目的正式量表。量表总体的克朗巴赫系数(Cronbach’s α系数)为0.8，分半信度为0.815，重测信度为0.831，两次测量总分的相关系数为0.978 (P < 0.01)。各维度Cronbach’s α系数为0.743、0.667，重测信度值为：0.720、0.684。维度的分半信度值为0.692、0.719。各维度与量表总分相关系数分别为0.921、0.827 (P < 0.01)，各条目与本维度的相关系数在0.524~0.785之间(P < 0.01)。结论：本量表信度与效度较好，可作为评估海口地区在校大学生水土不服症状的有效测评工具。

Abstract: Objective: To design the scale of Acclimatized among school university students in Haikou area and to test its reliability. Methods: We collected general information such as age, gender, origin, symptom sign and physical type from university students in Haikou, constructed Acclimatized in-formation database, and applied questionnaire method, Delphi method and reliability test to es-tablish Acclimatized Scale for University Students in Haikou. Results: After expert consultation and exploratory factor analysis, a formal scale with 9 items in 2 dimensions was formed. The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.8, the split-half reliability was 0.815, the retest reliability was 0.831, and the correlation coefficient between the total scores of the two measurements was 0.978 (P < 0.01). There were two dimensions, for digestive and mental status and immune and related status. Their Cronbach’s α coefficients were 0.743 and 0.667, in that order, and the retest reliability values were 0.720 and 0.684. The split-half reliability values were 0.692 and 0.719. Their correlation coefficients with the total score of the scale were 0.921 and 0.827, respectively (P < 0.01). The correlation coefficient of each entry with the dimension to which it belongs ranged between 0.524 and 0.785 (P < 0.01). Conclusion: This scale has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a valid assessment tool for evaluating the symptoms of water and soil discomfort among university students in Haikou.