不同有机肥施用量对葡萄产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer Application on the Yield and Quality of Grapes

摘要: 探讨不同有机肥施用量对葡萄产量和品质的影响，为葡萄园的科学合理施肥提供可靠的依据。选取香妃葡萄为试验材料，设置4个不同有机肥用量分别为0、30、45、60 t/hm²，测定了葡萄产量和品质。结果表明：施用有机肥明显提高葡萄的纵茎、横径、百粒重、单穗重和产量及经济效益，其中，有机肥施用量为60 t/hm2时表现最好，产量为38.61 t/hm²。施用有机肥改善了葡萄品质，尤其有机肥施用量为60 t/hm²处理，从可溶性固形物和Vc含量上来看都明显高于其他处理，可溶性固形物和Vc含量分别达到17.33%和27.10 mg/100g，且总酸度较低。综合上述结果，有机肥施用量为60 t/hm²处理可得到较高的产量和良好的果实品质，可考虑大范围推广。

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different organic fertilizer application rates on grape yield and quality, and to provide a reliable basis for scientific and rational fertilization for vineyards. The “Xiangfei” grape was selected as the experimental material, and the amount of four different organic fertilizers was set to 0, 30, 45, 60 t/hm², and the yield and quality of the grapes were determined. The results showed that the organic fertilizer can improve the vertical diameter, transverse diameter, hundred-grain weight, ear weight, yield and economic benefits. Among them, organic fertilizer application the best performance was achieved when the dosage was 60 t/hm², and the yield was 38.61 t/hm². The application of organic fertilizer improved the quality of the grapes, especially the application rate of organic fertilizer was 60 t/hm², the soluble solids and Vc content were significantly higher than other treatments, and the soluble solids and Vc content reached 17.33% and 27.10 mg/100g, and the acidity was smaller. Based on the above results, the application rate of organic fertilizer was 60 t/hm² treatment, which resulted in higher yield and good fruit quality, could be considered in a wide range of promotion.