一例肾癌肌肉及头皮转移案例

Renal Cell Carcinoma with Muscle and Scalp Metastases: A Case Report

摘要: 肾癌是泌尿外科肿瘤中常见的一类恶性肿瘤，主要病理类型有肾透明细胞癌、乳头状细胞癌、嫌色细胞癌等，以肾透明细胞癌最为常见，占成人肾恶性肿瘤的70%~80%，传统的肾癌“三联征”：血尿、疼痛、腹部肿块，随着医疗水平的不断提高，以及人们体检意识的增强已经不再常见，大多数出现肾癌三联征的患者多处在肿瘤晚期。约20%~30%的患者就诊时已出现转移，并且这一部分患者的5年生存率较低。肾癌远处转移部位以淋巴结、肺、骨、脑、肝脏等常见，而肾癌伴肌肉及头皮转移少见。本文报道了一例肾癌术后并发肌肉、头皮转移的案例，并对患者的个性化治疗方案进行讨论。

Abstract: Renal Cell Carcinoma is a common malignant tumor in urologic surgery, the main pathological types include clear cell carcinoma of kidney, papillary cell carcinoma, chromophobe cell carcinoma, etc. Clear cell carcinoma of kidney is the most common, accounting for 70%~80% of adult renal malig-nant tumors. The traditional “triad” of renal cell carcinoma is as follows: Hematuria, pain and ab-dominal mass are no longer common with the continuous improvement of medical level and the enhancement of people’s awareness of physical examination. Most patients with renal cell carcino-ma triad are mostly in the advanced stage of tumor. About 20%~30% of patients have metastases at the time of visit, and the 5-year survival rate of these patients is low. Lymph nodes, lung, bone, brain, liver and other distant metastatic sites of renal cancer are common, but renal cancer with muscle and scalp metastasis is rare. In this paper, we report a case of renal carcinoma complicated with muscle and scalp metastasis after surgery, and discuss the individualized treatment of the pa-tient.