考虑客货混合运输的城市轨道交通列车时刻表优化模型

Optimization Model of Urban Rail Transit Train Schedule Considering Passenger-Freight Coordination Transportation

摘要: 近年来城市交通网络负荷不断增加，我国城市交通拥堵问题日趋严重，城市地面物流运输效率低下，而城市轨道交通具有覆盖面广、运输量大、运输速度快等特点，可以利用剩余运力缓解城市物流配送的压力。基于城市轨道交通进行客货混合运输包括客货共车和客货分离等模式。在客货共车模式下，本文在满足原有乘客运输需求基础上进行货物运输，以货运成本最小化为目标，将给定的货单需求与列车匹配，分别考虑固定发车间隔与灵活发车间隔两种列车发车情况，构建了混合整数线性规划模型。以上海地铁13号线一期工程线路为案例，利用Cplex求解器进行数值实验，结果表明，本文建立的模型可以将客货需求与列车进行匹配，通过改变列车的发车时间、发车数量和客货列车的车厢分配，能够提高货运收益和客货运输效率，为轨道交通运营方提供了客货混合运输的可行性方法。

Abstract: In recent years, urban traffic load has been increasing, and the problems of urban traffic congestion have become increasingly serious in our country with Low efficiency of logistics and transportation, while urban rail transit has the characteristics of wide coverage, large transportation volume and fast transportation speed, etc. Therefore the surplus capacity of rail transit can be used to relieve the pressure of urban logistics distribution. The subway-based underground logistics system includes exclusive-train mode and train-sharing mode. Under the train-sharing mode, this paper carries out freight transportation on the basis of meeting the original passenger transportation demand, matches the given freight bill demand with the train aiming at minimizing the freight cost, considers two train departure situations, namely fixed departure interval and flexible departure interval, and presents a mixed integer linear programming model. In this study, the first phase of Shanghai Metro Line 13 is taken as an example, and the numerical experiments using solver Cplex show that the model can match the passenger and freight demand with the train. By changing the departure time and number of trains and the allocation of passenger and freight trains, the freight revenue and passenger and freight transportation efficiency can be improved, which provides a feasible method for rail transit operators to mix passenger and freight transportation.