铁路货车典型拉铆连接结构可靠性分析

Reliability Analysis of Typical Lockbolt Con-nection Structure for Railway Wagons

摘要: 拉铆钉又被称为哈克拉铆钉，因为其紧固所产生的高紧固力、永不松动及高抗剪切力等优势性能，拉铆钉紧固件也经常被用来取代焊接。在铁路货车的领域，拉铆钉的使用也越来越频繁，但是目前拉铆钉的使用基本只是替代原本螺栓，其数量和排布方式均参考原本结构，没有理论支撑。本文通过对铁路货车典型拉铆连接结构有限元分析，寻找出铆钉群中受力最严峻的一颗铆钉，然后通过DVS-EFB 3435-2对其进行可靠性评估。研究表明：牵引梁前后从板座铆钉可靠性满足标准要求。

Abstract: Rivet is also known as Huck-bolt. Because of its fastening produced by high fastening force, never loose and high shear force and other advantages, rivet fasteners are often used to replace welding. In the field of railway wagons, the use of lockbolt is more frequent. However, the use of lockbolt ba-sically only replaces the use of the original bolt, and its quantity and arrangement mode refer to the original bolt, without the oretical support. In this paper, through the finite element analysis of the typical lockbolt structure of railway wagons, the lockbolt with the largest force in the lockbolt group is found; then its reliability is evaluated through DVS-EFB 3435-2. The research shows that the re-liability of the front and rear draft lug lockbolts meets the standard requirements.