中日颜色词词义与文化意义比较研究——以红、黑、白、青、黄为例

A Comparative Study on the Meaning and Cultural Significance of Chinese and Japanese Color Words—Taking Red, Black, White, Blue and Yellow as Examples

摘要: 汉语与日语均存在大量的颜色词，因为中日的文化交流历史，中日颜色词在概念意义和文化意义上体现出异同点。本研究分别列举了中日两国红、黑、白、青、黄五种颜色词的概念意义，以及颜色词在中日两国共有和特有的文化意义，并结合语料库进行对比分析。考察得知：对某一事物的颜色特征的共同认知会影响概念意义中意象的选择；中日颜色词在文化意义上的共性反映了中日文化间的交流与融合，而中日两国固有的文化差异导致了中日颜色词文化意义上的不同。

Abstract: A large number of colour words exist in both Chinese and Japanese, and because of the history of cultural exchange between China and Japan, Chinese and Japanese colour words reflect similarities and differences in their conceptual and cultural meanings. In this study, the conceptual meanings of five colour words—red, black, white, blue and yellow—and the common and specific cultural meanings of colour words in both China and Japan are listed and analysed in comparison with the corpus. The examination reveals that: the common perception of the colour characteristics of something affects the choice of imagery in the conceptual meaning; the commonality in the cultural meanings of colour words between China and Japan reflects the exchange and integration between Chinese and Japanese cultures, while the inherent cultural differences between China and Japan lead to the differences in the cultural meanings of colour words between China and Japan.