脓毒症生物标志物研究进展

Research Progress in Biomarkers of Sepsis

摘要: 脓毒症目前定义为由宿主对感染的免疫反应失调引起的危及生命的器官功能障碍，通常可归因于细菌感染，但病毒、真菌或寄生虫引起的感染也可能导致脓毒症。如果不及早发现并及时处理，可能导致感染性休克、多器官衰竭和死亡。据统计，脓毒症发病率及死亡率极高，是重症医学科危重症患者死亡的主要原因，且对于幸存者，也导致生活质量严重下降。因此，及时诊断及治疗脓毒症，成为医疗卫生工作的重点。但目前尚无法建立金标准或有效的指标来明确识别脓毒症患者。近年来，关于脓毒症相关生物标志物的研究取得了较大的进展，对脓毒症的早期识别有着较高的灵敏性和特异性。本项研究就几种生物标志物在感染及脓毒症的发生、发展中的研究进展进行阐述。

Abstract: Sepsis is currently defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulation of the host’s immune response to infection and can often be attributed to bacterial infection, but infections caused by viruses, fungus, or parasites can also cause sepsis. If not detected early and treated promptly, it will lead to septic shock, multiple organ failure, and death. According to statistics, the incidence and mortality of sepsis are extremely high, which is the main cause of death for critically ill patients in the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, and for survivors, it also leads to a serious decline in the quality of life. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of sepsis has become the focus of medical and health work. However, there is currently no gold standard or effective indicator to clearly identify patients with sepsis. In recent years, great progress has been made in the research on sepsis-related biomarkers, and it has high sensitivity and specificity for the early recognition of sepsis. This study describes the research progress of several biomarkers in the occurrence and development of infection and sepsis.