336例患者人乳头瘤病毒感染状况及基因型分析

Analysis of Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Genotype in 336 Patients

摘要: 目的：分析医院就诊患者筛查人乳头瘤病毒(Human Papilloma Virus, HPV)感染现状与基因亚型分布情况，了解HPV感染特征，为该区域HPV感染防治提供实验依据。方法：选择2021年1月~2021年12月在医院行HPV检测的336例患者作为研究对象，收集患者脱落细胞样本行HPV-DNA分型检测，检测21种基因亚型。结果：患者HPV感染率为51.78%，感染率前3种亚型分别为6型(15.18%)、16型(11.31%)和11型(11.01%)；单一感染型占57.47%，以高危亚型为主占54.00%。≥51岁的感染率最高，感染率为78.57%，其次是≤20岁年龄组为63.64%。女性以高危型HPV感染为主，男性以低危型感染为主。结论：医院就诊患者HPV感染率较高，主要感染亚型为HPV6、HPV16和HPV11，以单一高危型感染为主。同时需关注20岁以下及51以上高发年龄段患者，特别是女性高危型患者，为制定HPV筛查策略、感染防治和疫苗接种提供实验室依据。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the infection status and gene subtype distribution of human papilloma virus (HPV) in patients, and to understand the characteristics of HPV infection, so as to provide reference basis for the prevention and treatment of HPV infection in this area. Method: 336 patients who underwent HPV screening in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects. Exfoliated cell samples were collected for HPV-DNA detection, and a total of 21 genotypes were detected. Results: The HPV infection rate was 51.78%. The first three subtypes of HPV infection rate were type 6 (15.18%), type 16 (11.31%) and type 11 (11.01%). The single infection type accounted for 57.47%, and the high-risk subtype accounted for 54.00%. The infection rate is highest in the age group ≥ 51 years old, with an infection rate of 78.57%, followed by 63.64% in the age group ≤ 20 years old. Women are mainly infected with high-risk HPV, while men are mainly infected with low-risk HPV. Conclusions: The HPV infection rate in patients is high. The main infection subtypes are HPV6, HPV16 and HPV11, mainly a single high-risk infection. At the same time, attention should be paid to patients under the age of 20 and over the age of 51, especially female high-risk patients, so as to provide laboratory basis for formulating HPV screening strategy, infection prevention and vaccination.