局部特征信息对面孔生命性感知的影响

The Impact of Local Feature Information on Face Animacy Perception

摘要: 随着仿真技术的发展，越来越多的人工面孔进入大众视野。人工面孔和真人面孔最大的区别在于是否具有生命性。近年来，作为面孔的基本属性之一，面孔生命性日渐成为面孔感知的重要研究内容之一。由于历史原因，面孔生命性在人脑视觉系统中的神经表征和识别机制没有得到清晰阐释。文章在以往研究的基础之上，通过经典适应范式探讨了存在基于独立组件的面孔生命性神经表征的可能性和面孔特征信息对面孔生命性知觉的影响。适应是发生在人类感知系统中的一种常见现象，由于适应会依赖于神经元群的激活，可以反映外部刺激在大脑中的内在神经表征，因而视觉适应现象长期被作为探索视知觉机制的有效实验范式。该研究最终揭示了与面孔生命性知觉相关的面孔组件，例如眼睛区域，可以产生对生命性的神经系统激活，而嘴巴区域的适应没有发现这种激活。实验结果表明存在着基于独立眼睛组件的生命性神经表征，眼睛是影响面孔生命性知觉的关键特征。

Abstract: With the development of simulation technology, more and more artificial faces come into public view. The biggest difference between artificial faces and real faces is whether they are alive or not. In recent years, as one of the basic attributes of face, face animacy has become one of the important research contents of face perception. Due to historical reasons, the neural representation and recognition mechanism of facial animacy in human visual system have not been clearly explained. On the basis of previous studies, this paper explores the possibility of the existence of animacy neural representations of faces based on independent components and the influence of face feature information on face animacy perception through classical adaptation paradigm. Adaptation is a common phenomenon that occurs within the human perceptual system. As adaptation relies on the activation of groups of neurons, it can reflect the internal neural representation of external stimuli in the brain. Therefore, visual adaptation has long been used as an effective experimental paradigm for exploring visual perception mechanisms. This study ultimately revealed that face components related to face animacy perception, such as the eye region, can generate the activation of vital nervous system. No such activation was found in adaptations of the mouth region. The experimental results show that there are animacy neural representations based on independent eye components, and the eye is the key feature affecting face animacy perception.