中国老年化现状及老年虚弱

The Current Situation of Aging and Weakness of Elderly in China

摘要: 中国作为世界第二大发展中国家，与其他大多数发展中国家甚至发达国家一样，正在面临与经受着社会老龄化的巨大压力。老年人作为特殊群体，有着应对伤害打击脆弱、自身代偿能力下降、普遍患有基础疾病的特点，使其在面临住院危险时更加脆弱，对家属照料及医护治疗的要求更高。近年来，人们认为，由于老年人的身体状态存在较大的个体化差异，年龄不能较好的预测老年人距离死亡的风险，提出了比年龄更加精确和个体化的名词：虚弱。根据虚弱状态的不同可以将老年人分为：健壮、虚弱前期及虚弱老人，以此来预测死亡风险。

Abstract: As the second largest developing country in the world, China, like most other developing countries and even developed countries, is facing and experiencing the enormous pressure of social aging. As a special group, the elderly have the characteristics of being vulnerable to injury, declining self-compensation ability and suffering from basic diseases, which makes them more vulnerable when facing the danger of hospitalization, and has higher requirements for family care and medical treatment. In recent years, people think that age cannot predict the risk of death of the elderly because of the great individual differences in their physical conditions, and put forward a more accurate and individualized term than age: weakness. According to the different weak state, the elderly can be divided into strong, weak and weak elderly, so as to predict the risk of death.