青岛市大学生吸烟现状及控烟有效性的医学研究

Study on Smoking Status and Effectiveness of Tobacco Control among University Students in Qingdao

摘要: 背景：大学生吸烟是一个重大的公共健康问题，吸烟不仅损害吸烟者自身健康，还会导致周围非吸烟大学生遭受二手烟的危害。本研究为了解青岛市大学生吸烟现状及其对各项控烟措施的态度，为有针对性地防控我国大学生吸烟行为提供依据。方法：本文为横断面研究，采用分层整群抽样的方法，于2020年12月抽取青岛市三所不同级别高校的大学生为调查对象，得到有效问卷1472份，以了解大学生吸烟现状，通过x²检验评估吸烟者与非吸烟者对控烟措施的不同态度。结果：大学生吸烟率为15.8%，男生(22.3%)明显高于女生(1.9%)。与吸烟大学生相比，非吸烟大学生尤其是曾经尝试过吸烟的大学生对各项控烟措施持更加积极的态度(P < 0.05)。结论：在校大学生吸烟率低于我国15岁以上人群的平均水平。吸烟大学生戒烟意愿低，且对各种控烟措施的态度普遍消极，非吸烟大学生的态度较为积极，其中尝试吸烟者对各项措施普遍表现出更强烈的支持态度。各项控烟策略对非吸烟大学生的有效性更高。未来高校应对不同吸烟状态的大学生采取有针对性的控烟措施，重点关注如何防止非吸烟大学生尝试吸烟，甚至转变为规律吸烟者。

Abstract: Background: College students smoking is a major public health problem. Smoking can not only damage the health of smokers themselves, but also lead to the harm of second-hand smoke among non-smoking college students. The purpose of our study is to provide evidence for the prevention and control of smoking behaviors among college students in Qingdao by investigating the smoking situation of college students and their attitudes towards tobacco control strategies. Method: This investigation is a cross-sectional study using the method of stratified cluster sampling. In December 2020, we selected college students from three different levels of colleges in Qingdao, China as the research subjects. 1472 valid questionnaires were obtained to describe the current situation of smoking among college students, and chi-square test was used to evaluate the different attitudes of smokers and non-smokers towards tobacco control strategies. Results: The average smoking rate of college students is 15.8%, and that of male (22.3%) is significantly higher than that of female (1.9%). Compared with smoking college students, non-smoking college students, especially at-tempted smokers, hold more positive attitudes towards tobacco control strategies (P < 0.05). Con-clusion: The college students smoking rate is lower than the average of 15 or older population in China. Smoking students are less willing to give up smoking and generally have negative attitudes towards tobacco control measures. Non-smokers, especially attempted smokers have more positive attitudes towards tobacco control strategies compared with current smokers. Tobacco control strategies are more effective for non-smoking college students. Chinese colleges and universities are supposed to take targeted tobacco control strategies for college students with different smoking status in the future, focusing on how to prevent non-smoking college students from attempting to smoke or even turning into regular smokers.