预防心房颤动患者脑卒中策略新进展

New Progress in Preventing Stroke Strategies Caused by Atrial Fibrillation

摘要: 心房颤动(房颤)是临床上最常见的心律失常之一。一般来说，房颤不会直接致命，但却会增加卒中的风险，由于心房内发生了异位起搏点，引起整个心房肌颤动，心房收缩功能异常，血液在心房内蓄积易形成血栓，当血栓不稳定脱落后，随着血液可至全身各处，可能出现血管阻塞、血流不畅，从而导致卒中。在缺血性脑卒中，心源性卒中占14%~30%，其中房颤引起的脑卒中占全部心源性卒中的79%以上，是最主要的心源性卒中危险因素。房颤患者发生脑卒中的概率约为正常人的5倍，据统计，约20%的脑卒中是由房颤所致。因此，如何预防和治疗是临床中的重中之重。本篇就预防心房颤动患者脑卒中策略新进展展开综述。

Abstract: Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common clinical arrhythmia. In general, atrial fibrillation is not fatal directly, but it can increase the risk of stroke. The ectopic pacing in the atrium can cause the whole atrial muscle fibrillation, abnormal atrial contraction, blood accumulation in the atrium easy to form thrombosis. After the clot breaks off, blood can travel throughout the body, leading to blood vessel blockage, poor blood flow, and eventually stroke. Cardiac stroke is the most important risk factor of cardiogenic stroke, which accounts for 14%~30% in ischemic stroke. The stroke caused by atrial fibrillation accounts for more than 79% of all cardiac stroke. The probability of stroke in pa-tients with atrial fibrillation is about 5 times that of normal people. According to statistics, about 20% of stroke is caused by atrial fibrillation. Therefore, how to prevent and treat it is the top priority in clinical practice. This paper summarizes the new progress of stroke strategies in patients with atrial fibrillation.