湖南省国土空间碳排放分区特征与优化策略

Characteristics and Optimization Strategies of Carbon Emission Zoning in the Territorial Space of Hunan Province

摘要: 研究区域国土空间碳排放分区，可为“双碳”目标背景下区域低碳转型和高质量发展提供参考依据。文章以湖南省14个地市为研究单元，基于2020年土地利用数据、能源以及经济数据，采用IPCC清单法估算各地市的土地利用碳排放与碳吸收，结合碳排放的经济贡献与碳吸收生态承载能力，将湖南省划分为低碳发展区、碳强度控制区、碳汇功能区和高碳优化区，分析了碳排放空间特征与国土空间分区特征。研究结果表明，2020年湖南省碳排放总量为4790.97万吨，其中能源碳排放占比最高，碳排放与碳吸收整体上呈现出相反的空间分布特征；碳排放经济贡献系数与湖南省空间发展格局不协调，需发挥城市群带动作用，促进区域低碳发展；湘潭市、岳阳市、益阳市、娄底市属于高碳优化区，需重点强化这些城市的减排责任，加快调整能源消费结构。

Abstract: The study of regional spatial carbon emission zoning can provide a reference for regional low-carbon transformation and high-quality development under the background of the “two-carbon” target. The study in 14 cities in Hunan Province as the research unit, based on the 2020 land use data, energy and economic data, using the IPCC listing method to estimate each city’s land use carbon emissions and carbon absorption, combined with the economic contribution of carbon emissions and the ecological carrying capacity of carbon absorption, is divided into low carbon development area, carbon intensity control area, carbon sink function and high carbon optimization area, analyzes the carbon emissions space characteristics and national spatial zoning characteristics. The research results show that the total carbon emission in Hunan Province in 2020 is 47,909,700 tons, of which the carbon emission and carbon absorption show the highest opposite spatial distribution characteristics; the economic contribution coefficient of carbon emission is not coordinated with the spatial development pattern of Hunan Province, so the leading role of urban agglomeration is played to promote regional low-carbon development; Xiangtan, Yueyang, Yiyang and Loudi are high-carbon optimization areas, which is necessary to strengthen the emission reduction responsibility of these cities and accelerate the adjustment of energy consumption structure.