阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的血压变异性及其影响因素的研究进展

Advances in the Study of Blood Pressure Variability and Its Influencing Factors in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

摘要: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS)是由于上气道塌陷、狭窄或阻塞，导致不同程度血氧饱和度降低、高碳酸血症和低氧血症的一类疾病，其与许多慢性疾病的发病率、死亡率有密切关系，并且可引起高血压、冠心病、心房颤动、心力衰竭、糖尿病、脑卒中及认知功能下降等心脑血管疾病，严重者可导致猝死。血压变异性(blood pressure variability, BPV)是定量评价心血管自主神经活动的无创指标，主要反映交感和迷走神经对心血管的动态调节过程。既往研究表明BPV作为独立于血压水平的危险因素，与全因死亡率、心血管疾病死亡率、冠状动脉硬化性心脏病和卒中风险相关。有研究表明，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)与血压变异性关系密切，为此，本文总结相关文献内容，综述OSAHS患者的血压变异性及其影响因素的研究进展，为今后的研究提供参考。

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a group of diseases caused by collapse, narrowing and obstruction of the upper airway, resulting in varying degrees of reduced oxygen sat-uration, hypercapnia and hypoxemia, which are closely related to the morbidity and mortality of many chronic diseases and can cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hyper-tension, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, diabetes, stroke and cognitive de-cline. In serious cases, it can lead to sudden death. Blood pressure variability (BPV) is a noninvasive index for quantitative evaluation of cardiovascular autonomic activity and reflects the dynamic car-diovascular regulation by sympathetic and vagal nerves. As a risk factor independent of blood pressure level, BPV is associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, coro-nary atherosclerotic heart disease and stroke risk. Studies have shown that Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a major cause of stroke. It has been shown that Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is closely related to blood pressure variability. To this end, this article summarizes the relevant literature and reviews the progress of research on blood pressure variability and its influencing factors in patients with OSAHS to provide a reference for future stud-ies.