特质性焦虑与负性事件反事实思维的相关研究

The Correlation Research between Trait Anxiety and Negative Event Counterfactual Thinking

摘要: 目的：以往关于特质性焦虑和负性事件反事实思维之间的研究结果存在争议。本研究旨在通过问卷调查的方法从反事实思维的不同维度测量特质性焦虑与负性事件反事实思维之间的关系。方法：实验一通过线下问卷收集个体的特质性焦虑程度以及负性事件反事实思维强度，探究特质性焦虑和负性事件反事实思维强度的关系；实验二测量个体的特质性焦虑和负性反事实思维的数量，探究二者之间的关系。结果发现：1) 个体的特质性焦虑程度与负性事件反事实思维的强度之间呈现显著的正相关；2) 个体的特质性焦虑程度与负性事件反事实思维的数量之间也呈现显著的正相关。结论：个体的高特质性焦虑水平可以增加个体在面对负性事件时所产生的反事实思维的强度和数量。

Abstract: Objective: The previous studies related to the relationship between trait anxiety and negative event counterfactual thinking remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between them using a multi-dimensional approach via questionnaires. Two experiments were conducted to achieve this objective. Method: In Experiment 1, the level of trait anxiety and the intensity of negative event counterfactual thinking were assessed through offline questionnaires to explore the relationship between trait anxiety and the intensity of negative event counterfactual thinking. Experiment 2 measured the individuals’ trait anxiety and amount of negative counterfactual thinking, and explored the relationship between them. The results showed that: 1) A significant positive correlation was found between the level of trait anxiety and the intensity of counterfactual thinking related to negative events. 2) A significant positive correlation was also found between the amount of counterfactual thinking of negative events and trait anxiety. Conclusion: These findings suggest that individual trait anxiety can increase both the intensity and amount of counterfactual thinking when faced with negative events.