青少年腰椎间盘突出症危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors of Lumbar Disc Herniation in Adolescents

摘要: 目的：探讨青少年腰椎间盘突出症(adolescent lumbar disc herniation, ALDH)的相关危险因素。方法：回顾性分析2020~2021年在我院行就诊的516例<25岁青少年的临床资料，并根据是否被诊断为腰椎间盘突出症将其分为2组：病例组与对照组，比较2组患者的性别、年龄、BMI、吸烟饮酒史、家族史等情况，分析导致青少年腰椎间盘突出的危险因素。结果：两组患者在性别、家族史、BMI、体育运动频率、持续坐位时间、modic改变、尿酸值、甘油三酯、胆固醇方面存在显著差异(均p < 0.05)，而在年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、高密度脂蛋白上差异无统计学意义(均p > 0.05)；性别(OR = 2.354, 95%CI = 1.532~3.615, p < 0.05)、家族史(OR = 0.49, 95%CI = 0.283~0.85, p < 0.05)、BMI (OR = 0.225, 95%CI = 0.14~0.36, p < 0.05)、体育运动频率(OR = 0.579, 95%CI = 0.365~0.918, p < 0.05)、持续坐位时间(OR = 0.363, 95%CI = 0.239~0.551, p < 0.05)、胆固醇(OR = 1.63, 95%CI = 1.268~2.094, p < 0.05)。结论：青少年腰椎间盘突出症可能与性别、家族史、BMI、体育运动频率、持续坐位时间、胆固醇密切相关。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the risk factors of adolescent lumbar disc herniation (ALDH). Methods: By an-alyzing the clinical data of 516 adolescents under 25 years old who were treated in our hospital from 2020 to 2021, which were divided into two groups according to whether they were diagnosed as lumbar disc herniation: the case group and the control group. We compare the sex, age, BMI, smoking and drinking history, family history and other conditions of the two groups to analyze the risk factors leading to lumbar disc herniation in adolescents. Results: There were significant differ-ences between the two groups in gender, family history, BMI, sports frequency, continuous sitting time, modic change, uric acid value, triglyceride and cholesterol (all p < 0.05), but there was no sta-tistical significance in age, smoking history, drinking history and high-density lipoprotein (all p > 0.05); Gender (OR = 2.354, 95% CI = 1.532~3.615, p < 0.05), family history (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.283~0.85, p < 0.05), BMI (OR = 0.225, 95%CI = 0.14~0.36, p < 0.05), sports frequency (OR = 0.579, 95%CI = 0.365~0.918, p < 0.05), continuous sitting time (OR = 0.363, 95%CI = 0.239~0.551, p < 0.05) Cholesterol (OR = 1.63, 95%CI = 1.268~2.094, p < 0.05) was identified as an independent risk factor for lumbar disc herniation in adolescents. Conclusion: Lumbar disc herniation in adoles-cents may be closely related to sex, family history, BMI, sports frequency and duration of sitting po-sition.