19世纪中后期日英女性自主意识的觉醒与局限——以《浊流》与《简爱》为中心

The Awakening and Limitation of Japanese and British Women’s Self-Consciousness in the Middle and Late 19th Century—Centering on Troubled Waters and Jane Eyre

摘要: 《浊流》与《简爱》是19世纪中后期世界文学宝库中两颗璀璨的明珠，而最深入人心的当属两部作品的女主人公：阿力和简爱。她们分别是由樋口一叶、夏洛蒂•勃朗特塑造的极具相似性的女性形象，是女性意识觉醒的典型代表。一叶和勃朗特站在女性立场上，揭示了日本明治时代和英国维多利亚时代女性的生存困境，控诉了19世纪父权制社会对女性的压迫。位于东西方的两个不同国家的两位主人公，虽然初步萌发“人”的自主意识，但在“男尊女卑”的传统思想和自身“依赖性”顽疾的影响下，她们的自主意识仍具有局限性。

Abstract: Troubled Waters and Jane Eyre are two bright pearls in the world literature treasure-house in the middle and late 19th century. Higuchi Ichiyo and Charlotte Brontë are two very similar female images, which are typical representatives of the awakening of female consciousness. Ichiyo and Brontë stand on the position of women, revealing the Japanese Meiji era and the British Victorian era of women’s survival plight, accusing the 19th-century patriarchal society of oppression of women. Although the two protagonists initially sprout the consciousness of “man”, their consciousness of autonomy is still limited under the influence of the traditional thought of “men are superior to women” and their own stubborn disease of “dependence”.