“不可通约性”的张力研究

On the Tension of Incommensurability

摘要: 库恩的科学哲学思想影响深远，“不可通约性”论题是库恩投以最多关注的一个维度。在面对形形色色的批评时，库恩以“必要的张力”为“不可通约性”作出模糊的辩护。将“不可通约性”置于库恩关于科学革命的论述语境中考察其张力，可以充分了解其源泉、内涵、载体和动力。“不可通约性”的张力来自于历史主义研究方法的应用，以整体与个体的辩证关系为载体表征了理性与非理性的内涵，同时，它又以科学理论和科学实践交织变化的态势为内在动力形成了自身概念的动态发展力。

Abstract: Abstract Kuhn’s philosophy of science has a profound influence, and the topic of “Incommensurability” is one of the dimensions that Kuhn pays the most attention to. In the face of all kinds of criticism, Kuhn vaguely defended “Incommensurability” with “necessary tension”. By examining the tension of “Incommensurability” in the context of the scientific revolution, we can fully understand its source, connotation, carrier and power. The tension of “Incommensurability” comes from the application of historicism research method, and it represents the connotation of rationality and irrationality with the dialectical relationship between the whole and the individual. Meantime, it also forms the dynamic development force of its own concept with the interwoven change situation of scientific theory and scientific practice.