雷替曲塞在消化系统肿瘤中的应用

Efficacy of Raltitrexed in Digestive System Tumors

摘要: 消化系统肿瘤是临床上常见的恶性肿瘤。由于其起病隐匿、进展快，部分患者发现时已经错失手术机会，主要治疗方式为化疗为主的支持治疗。主要化疗药物为5-氟尿嘧啶，但由于5-氟尿嘧啶不良反应多、耐药产生等特点，我们急需探索新型药物改善目前状况。雷替曲塞作为一种新型化疗药物，因其抗肿瘤效果较好，不良反应小而脱颖而出，目前已作为氟尿嘧啶的替代药物广泛应用于治疗不适合5-氟尿嘧啶或亚叶酸钙的晚期结直肠癌患者。近年来，关于雷替曲塞对其他消化系统恶性肿瘤效益的研究也风靡云涌。如何让更多患者在雷替曲塞的治疗中获益，需要明确雷替曲塞是如何发挥抗肿瘤作用的，以及主要运用的领域。本文将讨论雷替曲塞发挥抗肿瘤的机制及其临床应用领域和不良反应，以更好地指导临床实践。

Abstract: Digestive system tumors are a common clinical malignancy. Due to their insidious onset and rapid progress, some patients have missed the opportunity of surgery when found, and the main treat-ment method is chemotherapy-based supportive therapy. Main chemotherapy drug is 5- fluoroura-cil, but due to its adverse reaction and drug resistance, we urgently need to explore new drugs to improve the current situation. As a new chemotherapeutic drug, realtitrexed stands out because of its good antitumor effect and small adverse effects and it has now been widely used as an alterna-tive to fluorouracil in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer patients who are not suitable for 5-fluorouracil or leucovorin calcium. In recent years, studies on the benefits of raltitrexed in other digestive malignancies have also become popular. How to enable more patients to benefit from the treatment of raltitrexed needs us to study how raltitrexed plays its antitumor role and the main areas of application. This summarize will discuss the mechanisms by which raltitrexed exerts anti-tumor and its clinical applications and adverse effects to better guide clinical practice.