马克思恩格斯两种生产理论的现实启迪——当代女性生育困境与消解途径

The Realistic Enlightenment of Marx and Engels’ “Two Productions” Theory—Contemporary Women’s Fertility Dilemma and Its Solution

摘要: 马克思恩格斯两种生产理论揭示了社会生产关系的历史辩证规律，弥足珍贵。进入新时代以来，我国根据现实要求不断调整生育政策，在生产力发展的基础上逐步放宽生育限制，以应对人口老龄化和改革开放以来巨大成就所形成和借助的人口红利下降的现实问题。基于马克思恩格斯“两种生产”理论的启迪，分析研究女性在生育中面临的困境，对消解女性生育困境，应对人口出生率连年下降局势意义重大。

Abstract: Marx and Engels’ two production theories reveal the historical dialectical laws of social production relations, which are precious. Since entering the new era, our country has continuously adjusted the birth policy according to the actual requirements, and gradually relaxed the birth restriction on the basis of the development of productive forces, in order to cope with the actual problem of population aging and the decline of demographic dividend caused by great achievements since the reform and opening up. Based on the enlightenment of Marx and Engels’ theory of “two kinds of production” and the new changes of the times, especially the advent of the digital and data-based labor era, it is of great significance to analyze and study the difficulties faced by women in productive labor and childbearing, so as to eliminate the fertility difficulties and cope with the declining birth rate year after year.