养老保险对中国城乡居民消费影响的差异性研究——基于中国家庭金融调查数据的分析

A Study on the Difference of the Influence of Endowment Insurance on the Consumption of Urban and Rural Residents in China—Based on the Analysis of Chinese Household Finance Survey Data

摘要: 随着我国养老保险制度的不断完善，越来越多的居民被纳入到养老保险的保障范围中，居民的收入得到了一定的保障，根据消费支出理论，收入的增加会刺激消费者进行消费，但是对于不同偏好的消费者，收入效应刺激的消费程度是不一样的，本文将从养老保险的角度出发，来探究我国城乡居民消费支出的差异性，以更好地了解现今中国的养老保险制度及城乡经济发展差距。本文主要研究养老保险对中国城乡居民消费结构的影响，以及养老保险与中国居民消费的一般关系，并在此基础上分析养老保险对城镇与乡村居民消费影响的差异性，利用实证分析厘清养老保险对我国城乡居民消费性支出差异性的影响及其显著性，最后总结并提出相应的政策性建议。

Abstract: With the continuous improvement of the endowment insurance system in our country, more and more residents are included in the security scope of the endowment insurance. The income is ensured in a certain way. According to the theory of consumer expenditure, the increase of income will stimulate consumers to consume. But for consumers with different preferences, the income effects stimulate different levels of consumption. From the perspective of endowment insurance, this paper will explore the differences of consumption expenditure between urban and rural residents in China, in order to better understand the current endowment insurance system and the gap between urban and rural economic development. This paper mainly studies the impact of endowment insurance on the consumption structure of urban and rural residents in China, as well as the general relationship between endowment insurance and Chinese residents’ consumption, and on this basis analyzes the difference of the impact of endowment insurance on the consumption of urban and rural residents, and uses empirical analysis to clarify the impact of endowment insurance on the difference of urban and rural residents’ consumption expenditure and its significance. Finally, the corresponding policy suggestions are summarized and put forward.