“科学划界标准”差异探究——以劳丹和邦格为例

The Exploration on the Differences of “Demarcation of Science”—Taking Larry Laudan and Mario Bunge as an Example

摘要: 劳丹与邦格都创造性地将科学追求的目标作为科学的本质与科学进步的标准，从而讨论科学划界。此前进行科学划界都是抽取科学的某些特征，作为所有科学的判断标准。劳丹与邦格的划分方法虽都将科学的本质与科学进步的标准合二为一，但划分标准又大不相同。本文通过探究两人科学划界思想，试图说明两人划界的同与异、得与失。

Abstract: Both Laudan and Bunge creatively took the goal of pursuit of science as the standard of the essence of science and the progress of science, thus discussing the demarcation of science. Previously, the demarcation of science was based on the extraction of certain characteristics of science as a criterion for all sciences. Both Laudan’s and Bunge’s methods combine the essence of science with the criterion of scientific progress, but the criterion is quite different. This paper tries to explain their similarities and differences, gains and losses by exploring their scientific delimitation thoughts.