山东抗日根据地中学算术教科书的内容及其特点——以《中等学校适用初中算术》为例

Content and Characteristics of Middle School Arithmetic Textbooks in the Shandong Anti-Japanese Base Areas—Taking Junior High School Arithmetic Textbook as an Example

摘要: 抗日根据地的算术教科书编排严谨、内容实用，对根据地日常生活、生产实践和革命事业的顺利发展至关重要，为新中国数学教育事业的发展奠定了良好的基础。本文以1944年山东省胶东地区出版的《中等学校适用初中算术》为例，整理其内容并分析其特点，以求山东抗日根据地中学算术教科书的概貌。得出山东抗日根据地的中学算术教科书具有以下特点：重视学习心理，教学灵活应变；语言简洁易懂，讲解层层深入；例题丰富详尽，密切联系生活。

Abstract: The arithmetic textbooks of the anti-Japanese base areas were carefully arranged and practical in content, which were crucial to the smooth development of daily life, production practice and revolutionary cause in the base areas, and laid a good foundation for the development of mathematics education in new China. This paper takes Junior High School Arithmetic Textbook published in Jiaodong, Shandong Province in 1944 as an example, sorts out its content and analyzes its characteristics, in order to obtain the general appearance of the arithmetic textbook of middle schools in the anti-Japanese base area of Shandong. It is believed that the middle school arithmetic textbooks in Shandong anti-Japanese base area have the following characteristics: pay attention to learning psychology, flexible teaching; language concise and understandable, indepth explanation; rich and detailed examples, closely related to life.