贵阳机场两次初雷天气对比分析

Comparative Analysis of the Two Initial Thunder Weather at Guiyang Airport

摘要: 本文利用常规观测等资料，对贵阳机场2022年1月4日、2020年1月6日两次初雷的异同点进行分析，得到以下结论：1) 两次初雷空中至地面均有影响系统，均有低空急流，温度层结垂直分布相同，但2020年低层更暖湿。2) 探空图2020年的形状细长，湿层深厚，2022年的形状为喇叭状，上干下湿。3) 雷雨发生前都是低层辐合高层辐散的结构，2020年初雷的辐合辐散区域和中心强度均大于2022年。4) 水汽垂直分布相似，但2020年的过程水汽值强于2022年的。5) 两次初雷对流初生地不同，移向移速不同，这与引导气流密切相关。

Abstract: Based on conventional observation data, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the two initial thunders at Guiyang Airport on January 4, 2022 and January 6, 2020, and draws the following conclusions: 1) The two initial thunders have an impact system from the air to the ground, and both have low-level jets, with the same vertical distribution of temperature stratification, but the lower level is warmer and wetter in 2020. 2) The shape of the sounding map is thin and long in 2020, and the wet layer is deep. The shape is trumpet-shaped in 2022, and the top is dry and the bottom is wet. 3) Before the thunder, it was a low-level convergence and high-level divergence structure. At the beginning of 2020 initial thunder, the intensity of the convergence and divergence area and center of the thunder was greater than that of 2022. 4) The vertical distribution of water vapor is similar, but the process water vapor value in 2020 is stronger than that in 2022. 5) The two initial thunders have different origins and different moving speeds, which are closely related to the steering flow.