一锅法制备咪唑-1-乙酸

One-Pot Preparation of Imidazole-1-Acetic Acid

摘要: 本文以咪唑为起始原料，廉价的氯乙酸乙酯为N-烷基化试剂，水为溶剂，无需相转移催化剂，100℃回流3小时，继续加入乙醇，回流1小时，降温析出固体，即得咪唑-1-乙酸，滤液继续回收套用。该方法以起始原料咪唑自身作碱，避免无机碱和相转移催化剂的使用，通过一锅法制备得到咪唑-1-乙酸。需要使用的原料种类少、后处理简单、反应条件温和、成本低、原子经济性高、安全性好、符合绿色化工趋势，适于工业化生产。总体反应收率为84.7%，纯度为99%。

Abstract: In this paper, imidazole-1-acetic acid was prepared by using imidazole as raw material, ethyl chloroacetate as N-alkylation reagent, water as solvent without phase transfer catalyst, refluxing at 100˚C for 3 hours, then adding ethanol, refluxing for 1 hour, cooling and precipitation. The filtrate was recycled and reused. In this method, the raw material imidazole itself is used as a base to avoid the use of inorganic bases and phase transfer catalysts, and imidazole-1-acetic acid is prepared by one-pot method. It needs to use a small number of raw materials, simple post-treatment, mild reaction conditions, low cost, high atomic economy, good safety, in line with the trend of green chemical industry, suitable for industrial production. The overall reaction yield was 84.7% and the purity was 99%.