创伤性患者早期颅内血肿进展的临床研究

Clinical Study of Early Intracranial Hematoma Progress in Traumatic Patients

摘要: 在世界范围内，颅脑损伤(traumatic brain injury, TBI)是导致死亡和神经性疾病的首要因素，其发生率仅次于四肢外伤。先前的研究表明，全世界每年有超过5000万人患有TBI。中国脑外伤病人的人数比世界上大部分国家都要多，这给家庭和社会造成了很大的负担。TBI后，创伤性实质损伤、急性硬脑膜下血肿、急性硬脑膜外血肿产生的肿块效应都会导致继发性脑损伤、永久性神经功能恶化、昏迷或死亡，需要引起临床医师的足够重视。临床研究发现，颅脑外伤患者一旦出现颅内血肿进展，那么其临床恶化风险增加5倍。在我国，由于近些年工业化和城市化发展，颅脑外伤的发生率仍旧居高不下。本文将对颅脑创伤患者颅内血肿进展相关情况进行综述。

Abstract: Worldwide, traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of death and neurological disease, second only to limb trauma in incidence. Previous studies have shown that more than 50 million people worldwide suffer from TBI each year. The number of brain trauma patients in China is higher than in most other countries in the world, which puts a great burden on families and society. After TBI, traumatic parenchymal injury, acute subdural hematoma, and acute epidural hematoma can lead to secondary brain injury, permanent neurological deterioration, coma, or death, which should be paid sufficient attention by clinicians. Clinical studies have found that once intracranial hematoma progresses in patients with craniocerebral trauma, the risk of clinical deterioration increases by 5 times. In our country, because of recent industrialization and urbanization development, the inci-dence of craniocerebral trauma is still very high. This article will review the progress of intracranial hematoma in patients with craniocerebral trauma.