牛奶蛋白过敏患儿母亲心理健康状况分析

Analysis of the Mental Health Status of Mothers of Children with Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy

摘要: 目的：描述牛奶蛋白过敏(cow’s milk protein allergy, CMPA)患儿母亲的精神心理健康状况，早期发现问题并给予相关干预。方法：收集2021年1月~12月于青岛大学附属医院儿童保健科就诊的106例牛奶蛋白过敏患儿(按临床表现分为轻–中度和重度)及50例健康查体儿童母亲为对象，使用90项症状清单(SCL-90)对其心理健康状况进行调查，并对这些儿童进行追踪随访，调查CMPA患儿母亲在患儿牛奶蛋白过敏症状好转后以及同期健康查体儿童母亲的心理健康状况变化。结果：重度CMPA患儿母亲SCL-90总分168.11 ± 62.89，轻–中度CMPA患儿母亲SCL-90总分128.68 ± 42.61，健康儿童母亲SCL-90总分121.55 ± 21.36，重度CMPA患儿母亲除躯体化外各因子得分与轻–中度CMPA、健康儿童母亲得分差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，而轻–中度CMPA患儿母亲与健康儿童母亲相比，各因子得分差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。CMPA患儿症状好转前SCL-90总分140.78 ± 49.69，患儿症状好转后患儿母亲SCL-90得分126.91 ± 40.41，CMPA患儿母亲在患儿症状好转前后SCL-90测试强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖项目得分差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，其余项目得分差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论：CMPA患儿尤其是重度CMPA患儿母亲心理健康状况不良，因此我们应该为CMPA患儿母亲提供更多的心理帮助和社会支持。

Abstract: Objective: To describe the mental health status of mothers of children with cow’s milk protein al-lergy (CMPA), to detect problems early and to give related interventions. Methods: A total of 106 children with cow’s milk protein allergy (divided into mild to moderate and severe according to clinical manifestations) and 50 mothers of healthy children who visited the Department of Child Health of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January to December 2021 were col-lected and their mental health status was investigated using Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), and these children were followed up to investigate the changes in the mental health status of mothers of children with CMPA after the symptoms of cow’s milk protein allergy were improved and of mothers of healthy children during the same period. Results: The total score of SCL-90 was 168.11 ± 62.89 in mothers of children with severe CMPA, 128.68 ± 42.61 in mothers of children with mild-moderate CMPA, and 121.55 ± 21.36 in mothers of healthy children; there were statistically significant dif-ferences (P < 0.05) in the scores of all factors except somatization between mothers of children with severe CMPA and mothers of mild to moderate CMPA and mothers of healthy children, while there were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) in the scores of all factors between mothers of children with mild to moderate CMPA and mothers of healthy children. The total score of SCL-90 was 140.78 ± 49.69 before the symptoms of children with CMPA improved, and 126.91 ± 40.41 after the symptoms of children improved; mothers of children with CMPA had statistically significant differ-ences (P < 0.05) in the scores of obsessive-compulsiveness, depression, anxiety, hostility, and phobic anxiety items on the SCL-90 before and after the child’s symptoms improved, and there was no sta-tistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the scores of the other items. Conclusion: Mothers of children with CMPA, especially those with severe CMPA, have poor mental health status, so we should provide more psychological help and social support for mothers of children with CMPA.