经颅超声诊断帕金森病的研究进展

Advances in the Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease by Transcranial Ultrasound

摘要: 帕金森病是临床常见的慢性神经退行性病，早期疾病症状不典型，临床体征和症状易与其他神经退行性病等有重叠。经颅超声主要观察中脑中缝和基底节为帕金森临床诊断提供参考信息。并且黑质异常高回声是经颅超声诊断帕金森病的重要征象，但黑质高回声发生机制尚不清楚，其具体诊断标准与在临床鉴别诊断中的作用仍需更多研究明确。本文就经颅超声在帕金森病诊断中的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease is a common chronic neurodegenerative disease. Its early symptoms are atypi-cal, and its clinical signs and symptoms are prone to overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases. Transcranial ultrasound mainly scans the midbrain raphe and basal ganglia to provide reference information for the clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s. Moreover, abnormal hyper echogenicity in the substantia nigra is an important sign of transcranial ultrasound in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s dis-ease. However, the mechanism of hyper echogenicity in the substantia nigra is still unclear, and its specific diagnostic criteria and role in clinical differential diagnosis still need more research. This article reviews the research progress of transcranial ultrasound in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s dis-ease.