原发性下肢静脉曲张的外科治疗研究进展

Research Progress in Surgical Treatment of Primary Varicose Veins of Lower Extremity

摘要: 下肢静脉曲张(Varicose veins of lower extremity, VVLE)是一种常见的血管外科疾病，它是由于下肢静脉瓣膜功能受损所导致的血液回流受阻，从而影响患者的正常生活质量。早期，患者的双腿可能会感觉沉重、酸胀，随着静脉压的增加，浅静脉扩张和弯曲，下肢水肿和疼痛及皮肤的营养障碍等症状。如果不进行治疗，后期可能会导致静脉曲张血管破裂、静脉性溃疡和深静脉血栓等严重并发症。当前，治疗下肢静脉曲张的最佳方法是采用先进的技术，如大隐静脉高位结扎和剥脱术，然而，这种手术可能伴随着多个切口，相当大的创伤，缓慢的术后恢复和大量的疤痕。随着中国老年人口数量的急剧上升以及消费者对健康的日益提高，微创技术在治疗下肢静脉曲张方面的应用日益受到医学界的重视。笔者就静脉曲张的治疗方式的选择对近年来国内外文献整理作一综述。

Abstract: Varicose veins of lower extremity (VVLE) is a common vascular surgical disease caused by the im-paired function of venous valves in the lower extremities, resulting in blood reflux obstruction and affecting the normal quality of life of patients. In the early stages, patients may feel their legs heavy and achy, with increased venous pressure leading to dilation and bending of superficial veins, as well as symptoms like lower limb swelling, pain, and skin nutrition disorders. If the treatment is neglected, serious complications such as varicose vein rupture, venous ulcer and deep venous thrombosis may arise in the later stages. Currently, the primary means of treating lower limb vari-cose veins is through surgery. The gold standard for treating lower limb varicose veins is the tradi-tional high ligation and stripping of large saphenous veins; however, this procedure can be accom-panied by multiple incisions, considerable trauma, a slow postoperative recovery, and numerous scars. As the Chinese population’s aging process accelerates and the need for beauty intensifies, clinical patients are increasingly embracing minimally invasive treatment for lower extremity var-icose veins. In recent years, the author has compiled a synopsis of both domestic and foreign litera-ture on the treatment of varicose veins.