原发性膀胱小细胞神经内分泌癌一例并文献复习

One Case of Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Bladder and Literature Review

摘要: 目的：探讨膀胱小细胞癌临床表现和病理特征、诊断及治疗方法。方法：报道一例原发性膀胱小细胞癌的诊治经过，查阅文献对膀胱小细胞癌流行病学及临床表现、病理特征、诊断、治疗方法及预后进行探讨分析。结果：患者因无痛性肉眼血尿入院，行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术，术后病理确诊膀胱小细胞癌合并尿路上皮癌，拒绝根治性膀胱切除术，行膀胱光动力治疗 + 放疗 + 化疗，目前正在随访中。膀胱小细胞癌临床罕见，分化程度低、侵袭性强，易复发转移，预后较差，诊断主要依靠组织病理学检查，目前尚无标准的治疗方案，早发现早诊断早治疗是提高预后的关键。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical manifestations and case characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of small cell carcinoma of the bladder. Methods: The diagnosis and treatment process of a case of primary small cell carcinoma of the bladder was reported, and the epidemiology, clinical manifesta-tions, pathological features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of small cell carcinoma of the blad-der were discussed and analyzed by consulting the literature. Results: The patient was admitted to the hospital due to painless gross hematuria and underwent transurethral resection of bladder tu-mor. After the postoperative pathological diagnosis of small cell carcinoma of the bladder combined with urothelial carcinoma, she refused radical cystectomy and underwent bladder photodynamic therapy + radiotherapy + chemotherapy. Currently, the patient is being followed up. Small cell car-cinoma of the bladder is clinically rare, with low degree of differentiation, strong invasiveness, easy recurrence and metastasis, and poor prognosis. The diagnosis mainly depends on histopathological examination. At present, there is no standard treatment plan. Early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are the key to improving prognosis.